Heat balance system in punch apparatus

ABSTRACT

The present invention provided a heat balance system in a punch apparatus, which comprises a driving mechanism, a slider, a upper seat and a base; the upper seat, the slider and the base are made of material with the same expansion coefficient, and the lengths of them are equal; the upper seat and the base are provided with a slide path, and the slider slips in the slide path under the action of the driving mechanism; the punch apparatus is provided with a connected oil path in the slider, the upper seat and the base, and the oil path is filled with lubricating oil; when the punch apparatus is working, the lubricating oil circulates through the oil path, evenly distributes the heat in the upper seat to the slider and the base, so that the temperature and the expansion range of them are equal or similar to.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to punch apparatus technical field, more particularly, to a heat balance system in punch apparatus.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Punch apparatus is advanced basic processing equipment in modern manufacturing industry. According to the type of main transmission, it can be divided into mechanical punch apparatus and hydraulic punch apparatus, which are broadly used in automotive industry, agricultural machinery, household appliances, electronic instruments, national defense industry and daily necessities and other production departments.

The punch apparatus generally includes an upper seat, a middle seat and a base. The upper seat is mainly the drive mechanism of the punch apparatus. The middle seat consists of two parts: one is a slider, which is a moving part to complete the punching action, and the other is a non-moving part, which is a connecting structure connecting the head and the base. The base is a static support structure, it also contains fuel tank, which is an important part of the lubrication system.

Before the punch apparatus starts, the temperature of each component is the same. After it starts, during the continuous stamping process, the slider moves repeatedly and impinges on the die, the head of the slider produces a large amount of heat energy due to continuous friction and extrusion, which makes the head of the slider expand. For example, the temperature of the slider increases from 25° C. to the working temperature, for example, about 35-40° C., during stamping, the head of the slider is heated to expand. While other structures, such as the connecting structure, are still at room temperature, so the connecting structures do not expand at the same time with the head of the slider. When the expanded slider moves in the sliding path in the connecting structure, it is easy to interfere and jam. Even if it is not jammed, because the friction between the slider and the sliding path is too large, it will speed up the equipment damage, shorten the life of the equipment and reduce the mechanical precision.

Therefore, that overcoming the difference of expansion caused by temperature difference in the working process of various parts of punch apparatus is an urgent problem to be considered in the normal design of punch apparatus.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a heat balance system in the punch apparatus, which realizes rapid heat transfer between the various components of the punch apparatus, and keeps the various components warming up, cooling down, and thermal expansion at the same time, therefore maintaining the precision of the punch apparatus.

The technical proposals of the invention are as follows: a heat balance system in a punch apparatus, the punch apparatus comprises a driving mechanism, a slider, a upper seat and a base; the upper seat, the slider and the base are made of material with the same expansion coefficient, and the lengths of them are equal; the upper seat and the base are provided with a slide path for the slider, and the slider slips in the slide path under the action of the driving mechanism; the punch apparatus is provided with a connected oil path in the slider, the upper seat and the base; and the oil path is filled with lubricating oil; when the punch apparatus is working, the lubricating oil circulates through the oil path, the lubricating oil evenly distributes the heat in the upper seat to the slider and the base, so that the temperature and the expansion range of them are equal or similar to.

The punch apparatus is provided with an external cooling system, the upper seat and the base are provided with a cold oil path, the cold oil path and the oil path are connected; an oil pump sends the hot oil in the oil path into the cooling system to cool, then the oil pass through the cold oil path back to the oil path and the punch apparatus.

In the slider, the oil path is set as S-type or an empty cavity.

The lubricating oil and the oil path are also arranged in a member having relative motion in the punch apparatus.

The lubricating oil and the oil path are also arranged in the guide rod of the punch apparatus, and the oil path is sealed.

The advantages of the invention are as follows: the heat balance system in the punch apparatus in the invention provides an oil path in the upper seat, the slider and the base. The oil path is filled with the lubricating oil for rapidly transferring and dispersing heat, there fore causing each component to rise temperature and reduce temperature at the same time, thus to expand at the same time, that maintains the precision of the punch apparatus. The punch apparatus also has the forced cooling mechanism, which removes the extra heat generated when the punch apparatus works to further ensure that the punch apparatus can maintain a stable precision at all times. The heat balance system in the punch apparatus also uses lubricating oil to reduce the friction and impact force between the slider and the slide path, therefore delaying the service life of the punch apparatus and reducing the cost.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a structure diagram of the cooperation of the upper seat and the slider in the heat balance system before and after expansion.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat balance system in the punch apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling system of the heat balance system in the punch apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the slider of the heat balance system in the punch apparatus.

FIG. 5 is another structural diagram of the slider of the heat balance system in the punch apparatus.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS

For the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme and the technical effect are more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in connection with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are used only to explain the invention and not to limit it.

The principle of thermal expansion and contraction is a common knowledge in the field of machinery. In that punch apparatus, a large amount of heat energy is generated due to that the slider repeatedly moves and impacts the die. Thermal energy will cause the slider to expand. For example, suppose that some kind of cast iron material, its thermal expansion coefficient is 9.0×10⁻⁶˜12.3×10⁻⁶. its length is 1000 mm, the temperature rises 1° C., the length will be increased by 0.009˜0.0123 mm. Therefore, if the heat energy can not be transferred to other parts in the punch, it will cause the temperature difference between different parts of the punch apparatus, which will lead to the difference of the expansion range of each part and the decrease of the matching precision of the mechanical parts.

Specifically, FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cast iron upper seat in a punch apparatus. The solid line shows the structure of the cast iron upper seat 10 before thermal expansion, and the dashed line shows the structure of the cast iron upper seat 10 after thermal expansion. The overlay area of the shadow line is the overlapped part of the cast iron 10 before and after expansion. Assuming that the cast iron upper seat 10 has a long side L of 1000 mm and a wide side W of 500 mm, the cast iron upper seat 10 has a center line M1, and a groove A and B with a width of 10 mm are arranged on the long edge with both sides of the center line M1 symmetrically. The distance between the center lines M2 and M3 of two grooves A and B is 500 mm. Assuming that the expansion coefficient of the cast iron upper seat 10 is 10×10⁻⁶, when the temperature of the cast iron upper seat 10 is raised by 10° C., the length of the long side L of the cast iron is expanded from 1000 mm to 1000.1 mm, the long side L is named L′ after expansion, and the length of of the wide side W is expanded from 500 mm to 500.05 mm, the wide side W is named W′ after expansion. The position of the center line M1 of the cast iron upper seat 10 is unchanged, the center line M2 of the grooves A moves to the left by 0.025 mm, named M2′; the center line M3 of the grooves B moves to the right by 0.025 mm, named M3′. The distance between the center lines M2′ and M3′ is 500.05 mm. The internal grooving wall R1 of the groove A moves 0.02 mm to the left, which is R1′, and the outer wall R2 of the groove A moves 0.03 mm to the left, which is R2′, that is, the notch of the groove A is expanded by 0.01 mm. In the same way, the notch of the groove B is expanded by the 0.01 mm. As shown in FIG. 1, generally the punch machine is provided a slider 20 matched with a groove A or B, and the guide block C or D of the slider can be precisely matched with the groove A or B at room temperature. However, as shown in FIG. 1, after the thermal expansion of the cast iron upper seat 10, the inner side walls R1 and R3 of the grooves A and B will be moved to the R1′ and R3′ positions shown in the FIG. 1. The guide block C or D will be extruded or jammed, so that the accuracy of the coordination between the two will be reduced, which will affect the normal operation or damage to the mechanical equipment. Therefore, in order to solve the problem that the fit accuracy is reduced due to uneven thermal expansion of mechanical parts, the upper seat 10, the slider 20 and the base 30 of punch apparatus must have the same expansion coefficient and expansion range. To achieve the same expansion system, the upper seat 10, the slider 20 and the base 30 only need to made from the same material. To achieve the same expansion range, the lateral length of the upper seat 10, the slider 20 and the base 30 is equal, the slide path and the guide block in longitudinal direction match each other and the can be expanded at the same time.

Referring to FIG. 2, a heat balance system in the punch machine includes a upper seat 1, a slider 2 and a base 3. The upper seat 1 and the base 3 are provided with a slide path 4 for the slider 2 to slide. The slider 2 is provided with a guide block 5 that matches with the slide path 4. The upper seat 1, the slider 2 and the base 3 are made of the material with the same expansion coefficient, and the lateral lengths of the three are equal or close to. In the embodiment of the invention, the three consist of the basic structure of the punch apparatus, and among the three there is a sealing cavity where is filled with lubricating oil. The slider 2 slips up and down in the upper seat 1 and the base 3 under the action of the driving mechanism, and the guide block 5 slips in the slide path 4.

The upper seat 1, the slider 2 and the base 3 are provided with connected oil path 6, which is filled with lubricating oil.

Referring to FIG. 3, when the punch apparatus is working, the upper seat 1 is heated to expand, as shown at E, the slide path 4 on the upper seat is heated to expand. At the same time, the heat in the upper seat 1 is transmitted through the lubricating oil in the oil path 6 to the slider 2. The slider 2 and the guide block 5 thereon are also heated to expand. The upper seat 1 and the slider 2 are made of the same material with the equal coefficient of expansion. The lateral length of the upper seat 1 and the slider 2 is equal, and the heat in the upper seat 1 is transmitted through the lubricating oil in the oil path 6 to the slider 2, the upper seat 1 and the slider 2 are at the same temperature, therefore both of them have the same lateral expansion range. The slide path 4 in the upper seat 1 and the guide block 5 in the slide block 2 match each other at room temperature, and the expansion range is equal, and the two can still match each other precisely. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 2 at F, when heat is transferred to the base 3, the base 3 is heated to expand. The upper seat 1, the slider 2 and the base 3 are made of the same material with equal expansion coefficient; the lateral length of the upper seat 1, the slider 2 and the base 3 are equal to each other, and the heat in the upper seat 1 is transmitted through the lubricating oil in the oil path 6 to the slider 2 and the base 3, the upper seat 1 and the slider 2 and the base 3 are at the same temperature, therefore the three have the same lateral expansion range. The slide path 4 in the upper seat 1 and the guide block 5 in the slide block 2, and the slide path 4 in the base 3 and the guide block 5 in the slide block 2 match each other at room temperature, and the expansion range is equal, and the three can still match each other precisely. That is to say, the lubricant oil is circulated in the oil path 6, the heat is evenly distributed in the upper seat 1, the slide 2 and the base 3, so that each part of the punch apparatus is at the same temperature and the expansion coefficient is the same or basically the same.

As shown in FIG. 3, outside the punch apparatus is arranged the external cooling system 7, the external cooling system 7 has cooling oil passage 8, the cold oil passage 8 and the oil passage 6 are connected; the oil pump will pump the heat oil in the oil path 6 into the cooling system 7, after the heat oil is cooled, it will returned to the punch apparatus through the oil path 6.

Preferably, referring to FIG. 4, in the slider 2, the oil path 6 is arranged as an S type, or reference to FIG. 5, as an empty cavity, thereby rapidly transmitting heat as quickly as possible to each area of the slider 2, thus the temperature of the slider 2 is uniformly consistent.

Preferably, the lubricating oil and the oil path 6 are also arranged in the members having relative motion in the punch apparatus.

The lubricating oil and the oil path 6 are also arranged in the guide rod of the punch apparatus, and the oil path is sealed.

While the specification has described in detail certain exemplary embodiments, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of the foregoing, may readily conceive of alterations to, variations of, and equivalents to these embodiments. The foregoing preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated of the present invention rather than limiting of the present invention. It is intended to cover various modifications and changes included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, the scope of which should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar structures. 

We claim:
 1. A heat balance system in a punch apparatus, said punch apparatus comprises a driving mechanism, a slider, a upper seat and a base; said upper seat, said slider and said base are made of material with the same expansion coefficient, and the lengths of them are equal; said upper seat and said base are provided with a slide path for said slider, and said slider slips in said slide path under the action of said driving mechanism; wherein said punch apparatus is provided with a connected oil path in said slider, said upper seat and said base, and said oil path is filled with lubricating oil; when said punch apparatus is working, said lubricating oil circulates through said oil path, said lubricating oil evenly distributes the heat in said upper seat to said slider and said base, so that the temperature and the expansion range of them are equal or close to.
 2. The heat balance system in a punch apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said punch apparatus is provided with an external cooling system, said upper seat and said base are provided with a cold oil path, said cold oil path and said oil path are connected; an oil pump sends hot oil in said oil path into said external cooling system to cool, then said oil pass through said cold oil path back to said oil path and said punch apparatus.
 3. The heat balance system in a punch apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in said slider, said oil path is set as S-type or an empty cavity.
 4. The heat balance system in a punch apparatus according to claim 2, wherein in said slider, said oil path is set as S-type or an empty cavity.
 5. The heat balance system in a punch apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said lubricating oil and said oil path are also arranged in a member having relative motion in said punch apparatus.
 6. The heat balance system in a punch apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said lubricating oil and said oil path are also arranged in a member having relative motion in said punch apparatus.
 7. The heat balance system in a punch apparatus according to claim 1, the lubricating oil and the oil path are also arranged in the guide rod of the punch apparatus.
 8. The heat balance system in a punch apparatus according to claim 2, the lubricating oil and the oil path are also arranged in the guide rod of the punch apparatus. 